Cardiovascular Anesthesiology Glossary

Phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor used as an inotrope and vasodilator in cardiac anesthesia.

Cardiac surgical techniques performed through smaller incisions than traditional median sternotomy.

Post-bypass technique using concentrated ultrafiltration to remove excess fluid and inflammatory mediators.

Measurement of cardiac metabolic function by comparing arterial and coronary sinus lactate concentrations.

The amount of oxygen utilized by the heart muscle per unit time, typically measured in milliliters per 100 grams of tiss...

Strategies used to prevent ischemic injury to the heart muscle during cardiac surgery.

Temporary reduction in cardiac contractility following reperfusion after a period of ischemia.

Continuous assessment of brain function during cardiac surgery to detect and prevent neurological complications.

Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring used to assess regional tissue oxygenation, particularly cerebral and somatic oxyg...

Coronary artery bypass surgery performed on the beating heart without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Pressure measurement from pulmonary artery catheter representing left atrial pressure and preload.

A noninvasive measure of peripheral perfusion derived from pulse oximetry that reflects the ratio of pulsatile to non-pu...

The limiting effect of the pericardium on cardiac filling, particularly evident when intrapericardial pressure is elevat...

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space that may cause hemodynamic compromise following cardiac surgery.

Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a vasopressor to increase blood pressure without affecting heart rate.

Damage to the phrenic nerve during cardiac surgery resulting in diaphragmatic paralysis and respiratory complications.

Posterior mitral valve repair, a surgical technique for correcting mitral regurgitation.

Application of pressure above atmospheric at the end of expiration to improve oxygenation and prevent alveolar collapse.

A graphical representation of the relationship between left ventricular pressure and volume throughout the cardiac cycle...

Medication used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin following cardiac surgery.

Resistance to blood flow through the pulmonary circulation, measured in Wood units.

Acute lung injury characterized by increased pulmonary vascular permeability and impaired gas exchange following cardiop...

The fluid used to fill the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit before initiating circulation.

Anesthetic induction technique designed to minimize aspiration risk through rapid airway control and cricoid pressure.