Cardiovascular Prevention Glossary

Interconnected cluster of cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic disorders sharing common pathophysiology. Requires compr...

A clinical study designed to evaluate the effect of an intervention on major adverse cardiovascular events.

Plant-derived antioxidant compounds studied for cardiovascular protective effects. Include flavonoids, resveratrol, and...

Non-invasive cardiac imaging that visualizes coronary arteries using computed tomography with contrast enhancement.

Carotid intima-media thickness measurement used as a surrogate marker for atherosclerotic disease.

Annual change in carotid intima-media thickness measured by ultrasound. Used as surrogate endpoint for atherosclerosis p...

An invasive imaging procedure using contrast dye to visualize coronary arteries and identify stenoses.

The intensity of calcium deposits in coronary arteries measured by CT, expressed in Hounsfield units. Higher density ind...

Age-, sex-, and ethnicity-adjusted ranking of an individual's coronary calcium score compared to peers.

CT-based measurement of coronary artery calcification used for cardiovascular risk stratification in asymptomatic patien...

The ability of coronary circulation to increase blood flow in response to maximal vasodilation, indicating microvascular...

Landmark randomized trial comparing percutaneous coronary intervention plus optimal medical therapy versus optimal medic...

CT coronary angiography; non-invasive imaging technique using contrast-enhanced CT to visualize coronary arteries.

Dual antiplatelet therapy combining aspirin with a P2Y12 inhibitor, used after acute coronary syndromes or PCI.

Abnormal blood lipid levels, encompassing various cholesterol and triglyceride disorders requiring specific subtype iden...

Impaired function of the endothelium characterized by reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and vasodilation.

Non-invasive assessments measuring blood vessel health and early atherosclerotic changes.

Landmark clinical trial demonstrating cardiovascular benefits of perindopril in stable coronary disease.

A cholesterol absorption inhibitor that blocks dietary cholesterol uptake in the small intestine.

A class of lipid-lowering medications that primarily reduce triglycerides and raise HDL cholesterol.

Flow-mediated dilation; ultrasound technique measuring endothelial function via brachial artery response to occlusion.

Historical cardiovascular risk calculator largely superseded by newer tools but still referenced in clinical literature.

Injectable diabetes medications that provide significant cardiovascular protection through weight loss and direct cardia...

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, often called 'good cholesterol' due to its protective cardiovascular effects.