Neuroendocrinology Glossary

Clinical designation indicating whether a neuroendocrine tumor actively secretes hormones causing clinical symptoms.

Advanced imaging technique using radiolabeled somatostatin analog to detect and stage somatostatin receptor-positive neu...

A neuroendocrine tumor that secretes excessive gastrin, typically causing peptic ulcer disease and diarrhea.

An anatomical region where most duodenal and pancreatic gastrinomas are located during surgical exploration.

Neuroendocrine tumor arising from the digestive system, including stomach, intestines, and pancreas.

A nuclear hormone receptor that mediates the genomic and non-genomic effects of cortisol and synthetic glucocorticoids.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone that stimulates reproduction-related hormone secretion from the pituitary.

Anterior pituitary cells that produce and secrete luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

A typically non-functioning pituitary tumor arising from gonadotropin-producing cells, often presenting as a macroadenom...

Hypothalamic peptide hormone that stimulates growth hormone secretion from anterior pituitary somatotrophs.

Specialized vascular network that carries releasing hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.

The integrated system controlling hormone release between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

Laboratory technique using antibodies to detect specific proteins or antigens in cultured cells, particularly for neuroe...

A rare insulin-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas that causes hypoglycemic episodes.

A proliferation marker used to grade neuroendocrine tumors based on the percentage of dividing cells.

A hypothalamic neuropeptide that stimulates GnRH release and is essential for puberty initiation and reproductive functi...

Increased prolactin-secreting cell mass in the pituitary, often physiologic during pregnancy or pathologic in certain co...

Long-acting somatostatin analog medication used to treat neuroendocrine tumors and acromegaly.

Large hypothalamic neurons that produce and release hormones directly into the circulation via the posterior pituitary.

Hypothalamic structure where releasing hormones are secreted into portal vessels that carry them to the anterior pituita...

A hypothalamic neuropeptide that promotes feeding, sleep, and energy conservation while regulating circadian rhythms.

A family of G-protein coupled receptors that bind melanocortin peptides and regulate pigmentation, steroidogenesis, and...

Histological parameter counting mitotic figures per unit area, crucial for grading neuroendocrine tumors.

Hereditary syndromes characterized by tumors affecting multiple endocrine glands simultaneously.