Neuroinformatics Glossary

High-throughput extraction and analysis of quantitative features from medical images.

The time interval between successive radiofrequency pulses in an MRI sequence, critically affecting image contrast and t...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging acquired while the subject is not performing any explicit task.

The ordered spatial mapping of visual field locations onto neural tissue, particularly in visual cortex.

Inferring cognitive processes from observed brain activation patterns.

A starting point region of interest used to initiate connectivity analysis or tractography reconstruction.

Computational process to determine the brain regions generating observed electrical or magnetic signals recorded from sc...

Process of transforming individual brain images to a common coordinate space.

Computational process of identifying and classifying action potentials from individual neurons in extracellular recordin...

A temporal sequence of action potentials recorded from a single neuron or electrode. The pattern and timing of spikes en...

Statistical Parametric Mapping, a software package for analyzing functional neuroimaging data.

Voxel-wise statistical analysis framework for neuroimaging data that creates maps showing regions of significant activat...

Three-dimensional coordinate system used to precisely locate anatomical structures within the brain for research and cli...

A reconstructed pathway in tractography representing the probable course of white matter fiber bundles.

Three-dimensional representation showing the depth of brain sulci measured from the cortical surface to the deepest poin...

Surface mapping and visualization software for cortical surface analysis and display of neuroimaging data.

Analytical approach that measures cortical properties like thickness, area, and curvature on reconstructed brain surface...

Signal distortion in MRI images caused by magnetic field inhomogeneities near air-tissue boundaries, particularly proble...

MRI sequence that uses phase information to enhance contrast and detect blood products, calcifications, and iron deposit...

An MRI acquisition sequence that provides high contrast for anatomical structures and gray-white matter differentiation.

T2-star, an MRI relaxation parameter that includes effects of magnetic field inhomogeneities and susceptibility.

A quality metric measuring the ratio of mean signal intensity to temporal variability in fMRI time series.

A mathematical object describing the three-dimensional characteristics of water diffusion in brain tissue.

Signal processing technique that examines how spectral content of neural signals changes over time, revealing dynamic fr...