Pediatric Oncology Glossary

An antimetabolite chemotherapy drug used extensively in pediatric acute leukemia treatment protocols.

Laboratory study of chromosome structure and behavior, crucial for pediatric cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

A systemic inflammatory response characterized by fever and organ dysfunction, commonly associated with immunotherapies.

The process of reducing the number of cancer cells in the body through treatment interventions.

A synthetic corticosteroid commonly used in pediatric cancer treatment protocols.

Anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody immunotherapy used in high-risk neuroblastoma treatment.

An aggressive brainstem tumor with poor prognosis, typically presenting with cranial nerve palsies and ataxia in school-...

The amount of chemotherapy delivered per unit of time, typically expressed as mg/m²/week.

The most common subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma in pediatric patients, typically affecting younger children and having a mor...

The process by which transplanted stem cells establish themselves and begin producing new blood cells.

A highly aggressive bone and soft tissue malignancy characterized by small round blue cells, primarily affecting childre...

Cancer involvement in tissues or organs outside the bone marrow.

A medical emergency in cancer patients characterized by fever and low white blood cell count, requiring immediate antibi...

Benign, mature neural crest tumor composed of ganglion cells and Schwannian stroma.

Cell surface ganglioside antigen highly expressed on neuroblastoma cells, target for immunotherapy.

A rare form of diffuse glioma characterized by extensive infiltration of multiple brain regions without forming a discre...

Graft-versus-host disease, a complication of stem cell transplantation where donor cells attack recipient tissues.

The most common primary liver malignancy in children, typically occurring in infants and toddlers under 3 years of age.

A type of lymphoma characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells and typically good prognosis in children.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, a treatment involving replacement of diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cel...

Urinary catecholamine metabolite used as neuroblastoma tumor marker alongside VMA.

Extremely high white blood cell count requiring urgent intervention to prevent life-threatening complications.

Radiologic criteria used to assess surgical resectability and plan treatment approach in neuroblastoma.

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug used to treat Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias by blocking BCR-ABL protein ac...