Cardiometabolic Medicine Glossary

Continuous glucose monitoring device that tracks interstitial glucose levels in real-time.

Carotid intima-media thickness, a non-invasive marker of subclinical atherosclerosis measured by ultrasound. Used to ass...

A CT-based measurement of calcium deposits in coronary arteries used to assess atherosclerotic burden and cardiovascular...

Ratio of maximal coronary blood flow during vasodilation to resting coronary flow, measuring coronary microvascular func...

Landmark renal outcomes trial demonstrating kidney protective effects of canagliflozin in diabetic kidney disease.

Heart failure outcomes trial demonstrating benefits of dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure with reduced ejectio...

The natural rise in blood glucose levels in the early morning hours due to hormonal changes, particularly problematic in...

Landmark trial demonstrating that intensive glucose control reduces diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes.

Large cardiovascular outcomes trial that demonstrated cardiovascular safety of dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 dia...

Heart muscle disease that occurs in diabetic patients independent of coronary artery disease or hypertension.

A serious acute complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

A class of oral antidiabetic medications that enhance incretin hormone activity by blocking the enzyme responsible for t...

Continuous glucose monitoring system using two sensors simultaneously for enhanced accuracy and reliability.

Abnormal accumulation of fat in organs not designed for fat storage, such as liver, muscle, and heart.

Observational follow-up to DCCT demonstrating long-term benefits of early intensive glucose control.

Calculated estimate of kidney function based on serum creatinine and demographic factors.

Pivotal cardiovascular outcomes trial that first demonstrated cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors.

Heart failure outcomes trial demonstrating cardiovascular benefits of empagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejecti...

Impaired function of the blood vessel lining that contributes to cardiovascular disease in diabetes.

A life-threatening condition characterized by ketoacidosis with normal or only mildly elevated blood glucose levels, oft...

A non-invasive ultrasound test measuring endothelial function by assessing brachial artery dilation in response to incre...

Flow-mediated dilation, a non-invasive measure of endothelial function using brachial artery ultrasound. Impaired FMD in...

Measure of the proportion of glucose uptake that occurs through insulin-dependent pathways in metabolic assessment.

Framingham Risk Score, a validated tool for estimating 10-year cardiovascular disease risk.