Cardiometabolic Medicine Glossary

Major clinical trial examining intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes with cardiovascular outcomes.

Bioactive proteins secreted by adipose tissue that regulate metabolism, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity.

A hormone produced by adipose tissue that enhances insulin sensitivity and has anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective pr...

Chronic inflammatory state within fat tissue that contributes to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disease.

Immune cells residing in fat tissue that contribute to inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity.

Clinical trial investigating intensive glucose control and blood pressure management in type 2 diabetes.

Acute myocardial infarction, particularly relevant in diabetic patients who face higher risk and may present with atypic...

A non-invasive test comparing blood pressure in the ankle to the arm to detect peripheral artery disease.

Apolipoprotein B, a protein component of atherogenic lipoproteins used as a cardiovascular risk marker. Often more predi...

Reduced elasticity of arterial walls, measured as a marker of cardiovascular risk in cardiometabolic disease.

Landmark clinical trial that demonstrated cardiovascular benefits of statin therapy in patients with hypertension.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease encompassing coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial disease.

A lipid pattern characterized by elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and predominance of small dense LDL partic...

Calculated ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol used to assess cardiovascular risk in metabolic disorders.

The ability of pancreatic beta cells to produce and secrete insulin in response to glucose and other stimuli.

The total quantity of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets, which determines insulin secretory capacity...

An inflammatory biomarker produced by the liver that is elevated in systemic inflammation and used to assess cardiovascu...

Coronary artery bypass grafting, surgical revascularization preferred for diabetic patients with complex multivessel cor...

Cardiovascular outcomes trial program that established cardiovascular benefits of canagliflozin in type 2 diabetes patie...

The tendency for cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors to occur together in individuals.

Bidirectional disorder where dysfunction of heart and kidneys leads to progressive deterioration of both organs.

Interconnected pathophysiological condition involving heart, kidney, and metabolic dysfunction.

An ultrasound measurement of the arterial wall thickness used as a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascul...

Excess fat accumulation around the waist and abdomen, strongly linked to cardiometabolic risk.