Neuro Pathology Glossary

Chromosomal abnormality involving loss of chromosome arms 1p and 19q, characteristic of oligodendrogliomas.

A protein that forms pathological aggregates in Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies.

Discrete area within a lower-grade tumor showing high-grade features such as increased mitoses or necrosis.

A brain tumor arising from astrocytes, typically classified by grade (I-IV) in pathology reports.

Alpha-thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability protein, a tumor suppressor whose loss is diagnostically significant...

Swollen, rounded axonal segment containing accumulated organelles, indicating axonal injury or degeneration.

Large, dysplastic cell with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, characteristic of certain cortical malformations and some b...

Swollen neurons with pale, vacuolated cytoplasm characteristic of corticobasal degeneration and other neurodegenerative...

Spherical calcified deposit found in brain tumors, particularly oligodendrogliomas and other CNS neoplasms.

Loss of the CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene, used as a molecular marker for diagnosing diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, gra...

Dispersal of Nissl substance in neurons following axonal injury, indicating cell body response to damage.

A benign neuronal tumor typically located in the lateral ventricles with characteristic perinuclear halos and neuropil-l...

A rare cerebellar tumor combining features of neurocytoma and lipomatous differentiation, typically occurring in adults.

Deposition of amyloid protein in the walls of brain blood vessels, associated with hemorrhagic stroke.

A benign intraventricular tumor arising from choroid plexus epithelium, characterized by papillary architecture.

Nuclear change characterized by coarse aggregation of chromatin material. Often indicates cellular stress or early apopt...

Pathological change in nuclear chromatin structure indicating cellular stress or death. Appears as dark, clumped nuclear...

Dissolution of Nissl substance in neuronal cell bodies, indicating cellular stress or axonal injury in neuropathological...

Well-defined astrocytic tumor with distinct borders, contrasting with diffusely infiltrative astrocytomas.

A benign developmental cyst lined by ciliated epithelium, typically located in the third ventricle at the foramen of Mon...

Histochemical stain used to identify amyloid deposits. Shows characteristic apple-green birefringence under polarized li...

Developmental malformation of cerebral cortex characterized by abnormal neuronal organization and architecture.

A benign epithelial tumor arising from remnants of Rathke's pouch, typically located in the sellar/suprasellar region.

Aggressive brainstem tumor primarily affecting children, characterized by infiltrative growth within the pons.