Neuro Pathology Glossary

A benign cortical tumor associated with intractable epilepsy, characterized by multinodular architecture and floating ne...

Abnormal formation or structure of myelin sheaths due to genetic or metabolic disorders.

Increased copy number of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene, commonly found in glioblastoma. Key molecular marker...

Immunohistochemical marker (epithelial membrane antigen) used to identify ependymal cells and certain brain tumors.

Ciliated epithelial layer that lines the ventricular system and central canal. Loss or disruption indicates periventricu...

Characteristic histological pattern in ependymal tumors featuring cells arranged around a central lumen.

A glial tumor arising from ependymal cells lining the ventricular system and central canal of the spinal cord.

Rapid intraoperative tissue preparation technique for immediate microscopic examination during surgery.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein, an immunohistochemical marker specific for astrocytes and their tumors.

The most aggressive primary brain tumor (WHO Grade IV), characterized by rapid growth and poor prognosis.

Cytoplasmic vacuolar pathology in neurons containing central granules, associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Histone mutation defining diffuse midline glioma, associated with poor prognosis and specific anatomical locations.

A benign, highly vascularized tumor of the central nervous system, often associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease.

Eosinophilic, rod-shaped cytoplasmic inclusion containing actin filaments, characteristically found in neurons of patien...

Circular arrangement of tumor cells around a central fibrillary space, characteristic of primitive neuroectodermal tumor...

Genetic alteration in isocitrate dehydrogenase genes (IDH1/IDH2) that serves as a key diagnostic marker in brain tumor c...

Laboratory technique using antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissue sections for diagnostic purposes.

Real-time pathological assessment during surgery, typically using frozen sections. Critical for determining surgical mar...

Real-time microscopic examination of cell preparations during neurosurgery. Provides rapid tissue diagnosis to guide sur...

Absence of IDH1 or IDH2 mutations in gliomas, associated with more aggressive behavior and worse prognosis.

Proliferation marker expressed as percentage of Ki-67 positive nuclei. Essential for tumor grading and prognosis in brai...

Spread of tumor cells throughout the subarachnoid space via cerebrospinal fluid circulation.

The two innermost layers of the meninges (pia mater and arachnoid mater), commonly involved in inflammatory and neoplast...

Abnormal protein aggregates found in neurons, characteristic of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.