Pediatric Nephrology Glossary

Congenital obstructive leaflets in the posterior urethra of male infants, causing urinary tract obstruction.

A constellation of fetal abnormalities resulting from severe oligohydramnios, often due to kidney malformations.

Abnormal presence of protein in urine, often indicating kidney disease or dysfunction.

Surgical repair of ureteropelvic junction obstruction to restore normal urine flow from kidney to ureter.

Percutaneous or surgical sampling of kidney tissue for histopathological examination to diagnose glomerular, tubular, or...

Abnormal kidney development characterized by disorganized renal tissue with primitive ducts and may include cartilage or...

Bone disease that develops in children with chronic kidney disease due to mineral and bone metabolism disorders.

Treatment modalities that replace kidney function, including dialysis and transplantation, used when kidneys fail to fun...

Permanent kidney damage resulting from infection, reflux, or other inflammatory processes, often detected on imaging stu...

A group of disorders characterized by the kidney's inability to acidify urine appropriately, leading to metabolic acidos...

Rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by absence or severe reduction of proximal tubules in the kidney.

A severe form of glomerulonephritis characterized by rapid loss of kidney function over days to weeks.

Bacterial pathogen that produces Shiga toxins, commonly causing hemolytic uremic syndrome in children.

Group of disorders characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organ dysfunction including...

Impaired function of kidney tubules affecting electrolyte balance, acid-base status, or concentration ability. Common in...

Proteinuria characterized by the presence of low-molecular-weight proteins due to impaired tubular reabsorption rather t...

A measure of dialysis adequacy calculated from pre- and post-dialysis blood urea nitrogen levels, critical for monitorin...

A toxic clinical syndrome resulting from severe kidney dysfunction with accumulation of uremic toxins in the blood.

Crystalline deposits of urea on the skin surface, appearing as a white powdery coating in patients with severe uremia.

Surgical procedure to correct vesicoureteral reflux by repositioning the ureter's entry point into the bladder to create...

Cystic dilatation of the distal ureter within the bladder, often associated with duplicated collecting systems.

Specialized testing to evaluate bladder and urethral function, including pressure measurements and voiding patterns.

Radiologic study using contrast to visualize the bladder and detect vesicoureteral reflux during voiding.

Abnormal retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters and potentially the kidneys, a common urological con...