Neuropathology Glossary

Focal collection of activated microglia, typically indicating localized inflammatory response or neuronal damage.

Branch of neuropathology incorporating genetic and molecular analyses for diagnosis and classification.

Reduced intensity of myelin staining indicating partial demyelination or myelin loss in white matter tracts.

Intracellular protein aggregates composed of hyperphosphorylated tau, a hallmark pathological feature of Alzheimer's dis...

A dark pigment found in specific brain regions, particularly substantia nigra neurons, whose loss indicates neurodegener...

An autoimmune demyelinating disease primarily affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord.

Abnormal proteinaceous aggregate within neurons, characteristic of various neurodegenerative diseases.

Reduction in the number of neurons in brain tissue, a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases.

Process of neuronal destruction and removal by activated microglia and macrophages.

The dense network of unmyelinated axons, dendrites, and glial processes that forms the background matrix of gray matter.

Abnormal tau-positive fibers in the neuropil, characteristic of Alzheimer disease and related tauopathies.

A brain tumor arising from oligodendrocytes, often characterized by specific genetic mutations and better prognosis than...

A rare benign tumor composed of perineurial cells that can occur intra- or extraneurally.

Specialized extracellular matrix structures surrounding certain neurons, involved in synaptic stabilization.

A glial cell positioned closely adjacent to a neuron, often indicating neuronal injury or stress.

Glial cells closely associated with neuronal cell bodies, often indicating neuronal stress or injury response.

Oligodendrocytes positioned immediately adjacent to neuronal cell bodies, distinct from those forming myelin sheaths aro...

A clear zone around the nucleus in neurons, often indicating cellular pathology or fixation artifact.

Iron pigment deposits around blood vessels indicating previous microhemorrhages or vascular injury.

Accumulation of inflammatory cells around blood vessels in brain tissue, indicating neuroinflammatory processes.

Inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes surrounding blood vessels in the CNS parenchyma.

Radial arrangement of tumor cell processes around blood vessels, characteristic of ependymal tumors.

Fluid-filled spaces surrounding blood vessels in the brain, also known as Virchow-Robin spaces.

Pattern of white matter injury in premature infants characterized by necrosis and cystic degeneration around lateral ven...