Urologic Oncology Glossary

Management strategy for low-risk prostate cancer involving regular monitoring with deferred treatment.

Additional treatment given after primary surgery to reduce cancer recurrence risk.

Hormonal treatment that reduces or blocks testosterone production to slow prostate cancer growth.

A benign renal tumor composed of blood vessels, smooth muscle, and fat tissue.

The complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate, which may result from cancer treatment or surgical procedures.

Intravesical immunotherapy using Bacillus Calmette-Guérin to treat bladder cancer.

Standard chemotherapy protocol combining bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin for testicular cancer treatment.

Rising PSA levels following definitive treatment for prostate cancer without clinical evidence of disease.

Narrowing of the bladder neck opening resulting in urinary obstruction, often occurring after prostate surgery.

Multimodal treatment approach combining chemotherapy and radiation to treat muscle-invasive bladder cancer while preserv...

Radiological classification system for cystic renal masses based on imaging characteristics and malignancy risk.

Second-line taxane chemotherapy agent used for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

A platinum-based chemotherapy agent used in testicular cancer and other urologic malignancies.

Advanced prostate cancer that continues to progress despite testosterone suppression to castrate levels.

Autonomic nerves responsible for erectile function that run along the posterolateral prostate surface.

Class of immunotherapy drugs that block immune checkpoint proteins to enhance anti-tumor immune responses.

A distinct subtype of renal cell carcinoma characterized by large, pale cells with prominent cell membranes.

Chemotherapy regimens incorporating cisplatin as the primary cytotoxic agent, standard treatment for testicular and blad...

Most common subtype of kidney cancer characterized by clear cytoplasm and typically more aggressive behavior.

A rare and aggressive subtype of renal cell carcinoma arising from the collecting ducts of Bellini.

Restoration of urinary control following radical prostatectomy, typically defined as use of zero to one pad per day.

Clinical stage T1a tumor confined to the kidney, typically small renal masses under 4cm discovered incidentally.

Surgical removal of both the bladder and prostate gland, typically performed for invasive bladder cancer in men.

Endoscopic examination of the bladder interior using a flexible or rigid scope.